The difficult problem of diagnosis in fibrous dysplasia is well recognised. A clear-cut diagnosis can seldom be made on the basis of clinical, radiological or histological examination alone. Although the usefulness of radiographic examination in the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia of the skull and facial bones have been highlighted. Histologic and radiographic findings do not always correspond. The radiograph does, however, define the limits and characteristics of the condition grossly. Some of the radiographic features of this disease are sufficiently characteristic as to appear at tunes to be diagnostic.

The AIDS epidemic is affecting dentistry in numerous and unanticipated ways. Since the oral manifestations may be the first signs of the disease, dental -care providers are likely to be among the first to recognize symptoms of infection. The ability to recognize such manifestations is key to providing optimal and appropriate dental care, ensuring early intervention, ultimately prolonging a patient's life, and enhancing its quality. This article surveys the common oral manifestations of HIV infection.

This era of advanced technology is marked by progress in identifying and understanding the molecular and cellular cause of a disease. With the conventional methods of treatment failing to render satisfactory results, gene therapy is not only being used for the cure of inherited diseases but also the acquired ones. The broad spectrum of gene therapy includes its application in the treatment of oral cancer and precancerous conditions and lesions, treatment of salivary gland diseases, bone repair, autoimmune diseases, DNA vaccination, etc. The aim of this article is to throw light on the history, methodology, applications and future of gene therapy as it would change the nature and face of dentistry in the coming years.

Determination of the exact age of a person can be a critical factor in many criminal or civil legal proceedings. This study aimed at estimating radiographic reliability of dental and skeletal hard tissues in determination of age and their interrelationship. Cervical vertebrae, carpal-metacarpal bones and mandibular third molar were utilized for estimation of age. Mandibular third molars was found to be most reliable as compared to cervical vertebrae and carpal-metacarpal bones. The height and length (size) of the cervical vertebrae derived in this study may be useful for age estimation in central Indian population. No significant correlation was observed between dental and skeletal age.

Extension of orofacial infection to the orbit can result in significant morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis and treatment of infection in or about the face are of major concern to dentist. Dentist who treats conditions in the adjacent areas must understand the structure and function of orbital contents in order to recognize the early signs of potential serious ophthalmic infection. Involvement of orbit may itself indicate a more serious process occurring in adjacent tissue. Therefore understanding of behaviour and potential dangers from spreading infection in the region of head and neck should be accurately understood to treat the patient with complete confidence. Keeping these things in mind, a review of ophthalmic considerations in dentistry is discussed.

Inherent in the application of advances in biomedical science to nuclear medicine is the concept of molecular targeting. Radioimmunoimaging and therapy can add a new dimension to diagnostic imaging and staging of head and neck cancer including metastasis, as well as eradication of disease. The vast majority of malignancies arising in the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx are squamous cell carcinoma. Radiolabelled MAbs directed against antigens expressed in these neoplasm can be used for tumor detection and selective therapy.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most common malignancies associated with HIV infection. AIDS related NHL are primarily of the B cell phenotype with histological evidence of intermediate or high grade malignancy. Treatment of AIDS related NHL remains more complicated than lymphoma in non-HIV infected population. A rare case of intra oral non-hodgkin's lymphoma with its successful resolution is discussed in this article.

Crohn's disease(CD) or regional enteritis is characterized by recurring episodes Of Suppurative inflammation of any part of the bowel, from the mouth to the anus, the etiology being unknown. It is common among the Ashkenazic Jews & Whites with a incidence rate of 2 to 3/ 100,000 individuals and a prevalence rate of 25 to 150/100000. Here is a rare case of a patient with Crohn's disease manifesting with GIT symptoms and a persistent swelling of upper lip since 2 years.

The nasolabial cyst has been described by various other names, namely; fissural cyst, cyst of the nasal floor, nasal vestibule cyst, Klestadts cyst, cyst of the ala of the nose and mucoid cyst of the nose. However the most common terms are Nasolabial and Nasoalveolar cyst. It is a rare developmental, fissural, non-odontogenic cyst found outside the bone and on the region corresponding to the nasolabial furrow and ala of the nose. This cyst is mostly asymptomatic with the most usual sign being the elevation of the ala of the nose. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature, etiology, discuss the histomorphology and highlight the importance of occlusal radiographs in the diagnosis of this condition.

Rhino cerebral Mucormycosis is an opportunistic infection caused by a saprophytic fungus which is found in soil, decaying fruits and vegetables. Usually predisposing factors for this infection are poorly controlled diabetes, ketoacidosis, leukemia, immunodeficiency states, prolonged steroid therapy etc. The fungus once entering the susceptible host do cause highly invasive and fulminant infection usually with fatal outcome. Early recognition of this condition is highly essential to initiate immediate life saving measures.

Pre-eruptive migration of a tooth across the midline is termed "transmigration". This condition occurs with mandibular canines only. In this article, a rare case of bilateral transmigration of mandibular canines along with horizontally impacted maxillary canines is discussed.

HFM was first described in 1861, but it was termed by Pindborg and Corlin in 1964. It represents a heterogenous group of disorders characterized by abnormalities of structures derived from first and second branchial arches. The etiology of this disorder is unknown. The features of this rare disorder are discussed along with a case report.